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5 Central Document No.: guiding China's rural reform epoch - Fujian Agricultural Information Network
 

22 years ago, five in a row the Central Document, successfully guided the epoch-making China's rural reform. 2004, when building a moderately prosperous society in the most difficult, the most arduous task is at the critical moment in the countryside, the Central Document No. to lock rural work again. October 1, 1984, in Tiananmen Square to celebrate the grand parade of the 35th anniversary of the founding of the "Central Document No." When a farmer parade exalteth the seven golden characters huge placards walked to the reviewing stand, the square suddenly cheered up, people shouted in unison: Central Document No. 1982 to 1986, the CPC Central Committee and with five consecutive Nianxia of the first document on agriculture and rural work, truly reflect the aspirations and demands of the hundreds of millions of farmers, to become a powerful driving force of the rapid advance of China's rural reform.


after a lapse of 17 years, after December 30, 2003, the CPC Central Committee General Secretary Hu Jintao personally signed by the CPC Central Committee, the State Council on the promotion of policies to increase farmers' income certain ", returning to the Central Document No. again Regression agriculture.


morning
1, Chen Xiwen, depart for In urging local implementation of the first document of the day, the well-known agricultural expert, the first document drafting group responsible person to accept the lookout Newsweek reporter interview .


the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee: 2004 Central Document No. locked "three rural"


Party since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee "or the" CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued in the name of the file on agriculture and rural work a total of 56, which is not yet including the State Council single and the other to "do" goes under the name of the file. If you include the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh, Thirteenth eight Plenary Session, adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the Fifteenth Central Committee of three "decision", the files of the Central Committee on agriculture and rural work a total of nearly 60. That is, 25 years of China's rural reform, this file annual average of more than two.


in September 2003, Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu, in charge of rural work and departments concerned after in-depth research, and actively listen to opinions from all sides, and in referrals after Premier Wen Jiabao, proposed to develop a increase farmers' income central file.


any introduction of a central file very carefully. To the General Secretary from September 30 filegroup established December 30 issuing process, which lasted a full three months before and after the introduction of the first document.


files group responsible to the people served by the Vice-Premier Hui Liangyu. Drafting team divided into three levels: First leading groups, each the ministries leading comrades of relevant departments, is responsible for the study to determine the major issues of the file; various departments of the Secretary Secretary, responsible for the coordination between the various departments; Third, his team.


variety of coordination in the process of drafting, no less than the thirtieth. At all levels of the file group has organized a symposium, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu only person held under the auspices of there 3 times: the first time, the experts of agriculture and rural areas, to listen to their views and suggestions. Second, invite respected the old leadership, has long been engaged in agricultural work, including ministers, party secretary and governor  listen to their views. Third, the deputy secretary in charge of agriculture, the deputy governor of the forum held some of the provinces, autonomous regions. The drafting team also conducted several research, to convene some provinces and municipalities in the agribusiness sector is responsible for a forum to listen to their views.


the
11 15, after the formation of the draft document, the Central Rural Work Leading Group, a serious discussion, advice modify, reported to the discussion of the executive meeting of the State Council and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.


In the drafting process, the General Secretary Hu Jintao during the National Day to Hunan, in mid-December and went to Shandong and Henan, conducted a special investigation of agricultural and rural work.


the
12, Premier Wen Jiabao chaired a State Council executive meeting for specialized research and made a lot of modifications. Previously, the General Office of the State Council has conducted two coordination: the first file is distributed to nearly 20 ministries for comments, the second person in charge of the scene to finalize the relevant ministries before formation.


12, 18, the Politburo Standing Committee of the file. The meeting agreed that the draft document submitted to the Central Rural Work Conference to discuss, modify, and expressly central first document issued in 2004, as will be accredited.


central rural work conference held later on the document (draft) caused a strong reaction. The meeting was attended by deputies believe that this is a file for the first time since the founding of hair on behalf of the CPC Central Committee and State Council, designed to promote farmers' income. Seize the issue of farmers' income, indeed grasped the key issues of agriculture and rural economic work, and also fully consistent with the aspirations of the rural grassroots cadres and the masses of peasants.


of course,
, the meeting raised a variety of requirements. Some comrades said, the document emphasizes farmers' income in particular, is very correct to emphasize the income of grain farmers in major grain producing areas, but only 13 of China's major grain producing areas of non-grain producing areas of grain farmers should be given enough attention . However, the delegates discussed more warm or hope to further intensify efforts to increase farmers' income. Therefore, documents (draft) has been very smooth everyone unanimously approved.


after the closing of the Central Rural Work Conference
12 25, according to the views put forward by deputies, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu has presided over the file verbatim amendments, and then reported to the central leading comrades validation.


30, President Hu Jintao personally issuing process.


2004 January 1, 2009, file in the party under the hair.


the new central collective leadership with highly concerned about the "three rural"


Since
1993, the central annually convene a conference on rural work, introduced a document on agriculture and rural work each year, it has become customary. But 2003 has been held twice a central rural work conference, issued two documents, only see for 20 years.


new central just elected shortly in preparation for the Central Rural Work Conference in early 2003, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a special meeting. December 28, 2002 meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the new term proposed to pay more attention to rural areas, care for farmers, support for agriculture, and take the "three rural" issue as a top priority in the work of the whole Party . Made very important to pave the way for the Central Rural Work Conference held in early 2003.


to simplify meeting procedures, the Central Committee in 1997 to provide for meetings in various industries, sectors, in addition to the leaders in charge of the central leadership generally do not attend and speech. In early 2003, the newly elected General Secretary Hu Jintao attended the Central Rural Work Conference and made an important speech, this breakthrough in the practice to some extent. Hu Jintao, general secretary of the conference of "building a moderately prosperous society in the most difficult, the most onerous tasks in the countryside" phrase came to be widely quoted. This also explains the underlying causes of the general secretary made an important speech to the meeting. Therefore we can say from top to bottom in 2003, the degree of emphasis on the "three rural" issues than before.


end of
2003, the second meeting of the Central Rural Work. On the surface, this is out of the Memorial opened the prelude to the rural reform of the principles of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee on December 22, 1978 by the CPC Central Committee on the decision to accelerate agricultural development a number of issues, on the other hand Since 2004 Chinese New Year in January, leaving the duration of advance. But the deeper reason is that central after careful analysis and research that suffered under the impact of SARS and a variety of natural disasters in 2003, the agriculture and rural areas to maintain stable development, the current situation of hard-won, a lot of experience is worth conscientiously sum up ; at the same time, continued slow growth in recent years, farmers' income, has become the major issues affecting the rural areas and even the entire national economy as a whole.


solve farmers' income is related to the development of global


the last six or seven years, farmers' incomes continue to be difficult. From 1997 to 2003, the income of the farmers an annual average growth of about 4%, equivalent to only half of the growth rate of income of urban residents; 1997 to 2002, the per capita annual income of farmers grew by only 380 yuan, while the income of urban residents grew more than 2500 yuan, the increase is still less than 1/6 of the urban residents.


farmers' income is directly related to the production of agricultural products. According to statistics, in 2002 compared to 1997, the per capita income of farmers from agriculture not only did not increase, however, reduced by 100 yuan. The decrease in the income of farmers from agriculture, will inevitably affect the farmers, especially the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain.


fact do exactly that. Four years since 2000, China's grain production has continued to decline, declining acreage. In 2002, the sown area of ​​grain was only 14.9 million acres, 2.2 million acres less than in 1998.


recovery and increase food production in the current market economy conditions, apparently to impossible to use executive orders to force farmers to grow grain. To mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain, you must first let the grain farmers can make money. Therefore, in order to increase food production capacity to safeguard the stable supply of food, but also must solve the problem of farmers' income.


The more important
slow growth of farmers' income and directly restricts rural purchasing power, inhibit the start of the expansion of the domestic market and domestic demand, the development of secondary and tertiary industries is also severely limited. The reality is that the problem of farmers 'income is not only related to the improvement of the lives of farmers, farmers' investment in agriculture, but also related to the development of the national economy as a whole global.


It is based on the consideration of such a series, the central, most prominent in the current run of agriculture and rural economy, farmers' income,UGG Botas, the income of grain farmers in major grain producing areas. To solve the problem of farmers' income, the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain will be improved sense. Therefore, the central in determining the basic content of the file, clearly want to promote the increase of farmers' income in a prominent position.


37 specific policy initiatives and breakthroughs


deputies believe
participate in the Central Rural Work Conference, "much as the first document of policy, great intensity is quite rare, many years, highest gold content of a file on agriculture and rural policy. Looking at most of the 22 specific policy up to as many as 37, touched a lot of deep-seated problems, many of them firsts and breakthroughs.


- migrant workers become an important part of the industrial workers. The document stressed the "farmers working in cities has become an important part of China's industrial workers. Such references in the central file the first time.


this analysis is profound, very realistic. From the fifth census in 2000, 46.5% of the staff employed in the secondary and tertiary industries of agricultural accounts, and this proportion continues to improve. Even with the 2000 data, in the service sector, agriculture accounts practitioners have accounted for 52%, more than 60% of the processing and manufacturing industries, the construction industry, especially construction workers accounted for 79.8%. Therefore, we must re-examine the tremendous changes in China's social structure changes in population structure and employment structure.


- strengthening skills training for migrant workers has become an important strategic considerations. Lag due to the development of social undertakings in rural areas in China, most of the migrant workers have not received good science and technology education and vocational and technical education, in the case of this more and more employed in urban areas to the exit from the first line of production, the short-term migrant workers into the city within the skilled trades and very difficult, and if you do not pay attention to improve the vocational skills of migrant workers, not only does not help to increase employment opportunities for farmers, increasing income levels, eventually will seriously affect the competitiveness of our industry.


- land expropriation system reform compelling. Although our law clearly stipulates only nonprofit land may be requisitioned by the government, but the welfare land and commercial land in fact basically no distinction. The consequences of at least three: the scope of land requisition is expanding due to the welfare land acquisition compensation standard is very low, and farmers lost ground after the widespread lack of adequate compensation; operating compulsory acquisition of land by the government in the form, destroy the order of the market economy; disguised government business entities, a departure from its functions, the management of the land into a blind spot. Therefore, regardless of established farmers market players, or for the functions of the government changes, the significance of the land requisition system reform are very significant.


- made mandatory and below county level financial institutions to support agriculture. The document defines the obligations of financial institutions to support agricultural and below the county must come up with a certain proportion for the county's agricultural and rural economic development. It should be said that this is a pretty big action, is a new initiative.


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